Nephrology Conditions Treated

The nephrology team at Cook Children's treats many kidney-related conditions in newborns, children and teens. Because the renal system is connected to other critical systems in the body, we work closely with other specialists. These may include urologists, endocrinologists, neonatologists and oncologists.

Chronic kidney disease (chronic kidney failure)

Chronic kidney disease, also known as chronic kidney failure, or chronic renal failure) is the slow loss of kidney function.

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Hematuria (blood in the urine)

Most of the time, blood in the urine, also called hematuria, is pretty common and usually not serious. Learn more about the causes and when to be concerned.

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Hydronephrosis

Hydronephrosis is a condition in which a baby's urine doesn't flow like it should through the urinary system. Urine can back up into the kidneys and cause swelling. One of the most common diagnoses on prenatal imaging, hydronephrosis occurs in about one in 100 babies.

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Hypertension (high blood pressure)

There are two types of hypertension. Primary hypertension in children and teens can cause damage to the kidneys and other organs. Secondary hypertension can be caused by kidney disease and other health problems.

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Kidney disease

The kidneys do a lot, but their most important job is to take waste out of the blood and make. They also keep the body's fluids and minerals in balance, and are important for making red blood cells. When the kidneys don't function correctly. Some diseases make it hard for kidneys to do their job.

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Kidney failure (end stage renal disease ESRD)

Kidney failure is a condition that happens when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood. Treating the underlying condition that's causing the kidney failure can sometimes help heal the kidneys.

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Kidney stones

Kidney stones happen when minerals form crystals inside the kidneys. These stones usually pass out of the body. However, larger stones may require treatment.

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Glomerulonephritis (nephritis)

Glomerulonephritis causes problems with urinating and swelling in parts of the body, like the face and hands. In some cases, it can lead to kidney damage or kidney failure. Treatment, if needed, depends on the cause and your child's age and overall health.

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Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome happens when a kidney problem causes too much protein in the urine. It's most common in kids 1–6 years old, and affects boys more than girls. Treatment for this condition depends on what caused it.

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Renal tubular acidosis

Tiny tubes in the kidneys filter the blood in the body. The waste that is filtered out becomes urine. When the kidneys are damaged they can't remove the waste, including acid, it results in a condition called tubular acidosis. Treatment depends on the symptoms and underlying causes.

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Recurrent urinary tract infections

Some kids get UTIs repeatedly; these are called recurrent UTIs. If not treated, UTIs can cause kidney damage, especially in children younger than age six. That's why it's important your child's doctor monitors and evaluates UTIs if they seem to happen often with your child.

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UPJ (Ureteropelvic Junction) Obstruction

UPJ obstruction is when the ureter, a tube which carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, is blocked at the point it connects to the kidney. This causes urine to back up in the kidney leading to hydronephrosis.

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

When bacteria get into the bladder or kidneys they can cause a UTI. UTIs don't go away on their own. Left untreated they can result in damage to the kidneys.

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Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

Urine flows from the kidneys to the bladder. Sometimes urine will flow from the bladder back to kidneys. When this happens, an infection may develop. Treatment will depend on the cause and severity of the reflux and your child's symptoms.

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Wilms' Tumor

The most common kidney cancer in children is Wilms' tumor. It occurs mostly in very young children and is usually diagnosed between the ages of three and five. We work closely with our cancer team to diagnose and treat Wilms' tumor

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Nephrology Conditions Treated

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